The Nixon Library And The Library - 1198 Words

The Nixon Library is more than just a library alongside the deceased presidents’ name on the wall. The library seemed more like a museum that has sheltered audio and visual displays narrating Richard Nixon’s life throughout the years. The museum is located in the core of the residential city of Yorba Linda, California. The actual location of the library was undisputed when it was being created. It is located on the grounds of Nixon’s first home. The library opened its doors in 1990 as a privately supported institution to educate Californians about the president that emerged from the local suburban town, and since 2007 it has become a federal facility. The beginning of the tour started off at different positions on the tour. When we†¦show more content†¦House of Representatives. During this brief tenure Nixon became a national figure, when he was chosen as part of a committee to investigate a Soviet spy. This investigation helped propel Richard Nixon into the U.S Senate after a brief 2-term sentence in the House of Representatives. In 1952 Nixon was asked to be Eisenhower’s running mate, and Nixon became the vice president of the United State of America for two terms. These two terms inspired Nixon to run for the presidency in 1960, but lost to John F. Kennedy by a narrow margin. After a hard painstaking political comeback, Nixon won the presidency in 1968 and later won re-election in 1972 (Nixon Foundation). Of all the fragments, in the â€Å"Road to the Presidency† exhibit, the most appealing one was about Nixon’s pursuit of Alger Hiss in the 1948 espionage case. This was the turning point in Richard Nixon’s career, and if Nixon had never been selected to the house committee, there is a chance that he would have never made it into the oval office. Moving on to the presidential days, the group was also able to view the presidential limousine. It was a black, bulletproof Lincoln Continental with a V-8 engine priced around $500,000. There was also a remake of the Lincoln Room, Nixon’s favorite room in the White House. The museum also housed the 54 copies of TIME magazine that presented Richard Nixon on the cover. The

Classical Theory And Psychological Positivism - 1557 Words

The human desire to comprehend and resolve criminal behaviour prevails through history, manifesting in constantly evolving theories through the annals of Criminology. The modern crime depicted in the scenario portrays the dual aspects of both the offender as an individual and the offense of robbing a local convenience store. This scenario may be analysed through the two schools of Classical theory and Psychological Positivism, relating to the perpetual debate that has sparked the revisionist stream of criminological theories which has culminated in the conception and treatment of crime by the modern criminal justice system. The contemporary Criminal Justice System has been informed by the two differing explanations of the causation of†¦show more content†¦Crime claims a pervasive presence throughout history, stimulating a parallel development of criminological theories proposing various explanations for the causation of crime stemming from the 18th century school of Classica l Theory. Emerging from the context of the Enlightenment Era, Classical theory posits that individuals such as the offender in the given scenario, is in possession of free will and consciously committed the crime of robbing the convenience store through the application of â€Å"rational calculus† (Coleman Norris 2000, p.18). Bentham argues that the crime stems from the offender’s cogent examination of the possible pleasures gained from the robbery with the potential pain of subsequent repercussions whilst being motivated by a hedonistic mentality (Canals 1960, p.543). The doctrine of hedonism is the crucial element driving an individual to commit an act of criminality, whose principal tenant designates that the offender is primarily driven by the desire to attain the highest level of pleasure. Amalgamated with the robber’s ability to comprehend the legal ramifications of the crime, the offender has broken the â€Å"social contract† through lucid choice a nd decision, likely placing monetary benefits gained above moral considerations and the punishment for robbing a convenience store which is likely, as classicism theorises, insufficient for the crime (Hirschi, 1969). Classical

Impact of Leadership Strategic Plan-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategies being involved by Pizza Club in their Business Operation. Answer: Introduction Identifying and describing the strategies and plans which can be adopted by the management and the senior level in an organization for the attainment of the goals and targets is the mechanism of strategic management (Pearce and Robinson, 2013). The concept can be implemented within the organizational structure for maintaining a high level of performance and also attainment of competitive advantage. The company is said to be at the competitive advantage when the profitability is more than it average profitability in the industry. The term can also be defined as the acts or the decisions which are to be taken by the managerial staff on the basis of the outcomes of the performance of the entity. Right and appropriate decisions are required to be taken by the managers and for that, the entity should a thorough knowledge and analysis of competitive environment within the industry. SWOT analysis can be proven as a great option for analyzing the business environment for the entity. The conc ept can also be considered as a preparation or planning for predictable and unfeasible contingencies. Strategic management offers the employees with a broader point-of-view which will enable them to understand about their job and how it suits to the organizational plans and also related with the other employees. The below-executed analysis has been made focused on Pizza club which has been ranked as one of the leading organizations. The business corporation is into offering the diverse range of pizza in the regions of New Zealand. They entity have total 10 branches in the New Zealand, eight branches in Auckland one in Hamilton and one in Tauranga. The below-presented report has been focusing on the strategic management plan. Impact of leadership and culture on strategic plan Leadership and culture have been considered as an integral component in the concept of strategic planning and also plays a crucial role in the same process. The organizational culture includes the beliefs, thoughts, norms, and regulations of the Pizza Club. The basic requirement for a successful strategic plan is to be a well-coordinated alignment with the organizational culture followed in the Pizza Club. It has also been seen that the company has to adopt team culture within the organization. It not only reduces the efforts of each individual but it also enhances the productivity of the firm. Teamwork reduces the error generation chances and hence the goals of the firm can be achieved in a better way. It is the role of the leader to make sure that they implement team culture within the organization (Vogel and Gttel, 2013). Culture is built up by the existing workers of the firm by their activities and till the time, present stakeholders will not follow the basic regulations and pol icies. It also assists in making professional decorum in the workplace. Apart from this, it is a role of the management to motivate their employees at various time intervals. This is also due to the fact that enthusiasm of stakeholders also helps in building positive and effective working culture. Better leadership always helps in managing a human resource in the appropriate manner. Since the leaders have a very important role in arranging resources as per the requirement of the firm. The below mentioned are some of the characteristics of the organizational culture of Pizza club which can be considered as very much significant for developing a successful strategic plan: Flexibility and adaptability: The organizational culture should be flexible in nature as this will embrace and develop an environment which will enable high productivity and open communication amongst the employees. This will be proven very much beneficial for the success of the strategic plan. It is also important for the firm to adopt changes as per the requirement of the strategic management. It can only be possible if the management monitors the whole process that on a regular basis. Goal unification: Strong, flexible and unified culture will develop a positive approach towards strategic implementation and this will also affect the process of implementation in a positive manner, by the alignment of goals (Merkert and Hensher, 2011). When the focus is on productivity and accomplishment of a primary mission then goals can come into alignment. It will help a company in achieving the goals and objectives at a much faster rate. And the same is with leadership, as an implementation of strategic plans and corporate strategy requires team efforts. Team efforts can be obtained in an effective manner if there is a provision of appropriate leadership. For motivating the employees the leaders should have involvement in the team and the tasks performed. Leadership has to make sure that they improve the performance of the firm by enhancing the skills of their employees. For proper implementation of the firms strategic management leadership needs to be strong. If the company leadership is weak then they may not handle all the operations. The management has the role of making good relationship with the employees of the firm which it can utilize in the time when an issue arises. Concept of strategic management The concept of strategic management has been described by making use of a number of approaches and theories. By making utilization of the approaches the business organization can make fulfillment of the requirements of the stakeholder in a systematic manner. Management and the allocation of the resources amongst the stakeholders are the two significant operations which are executed by the adoption of the mechanisms of strategic management. Strategic management is a wider scope that has multi-dimensional aspect and has to be taken care off. It is necessary for the firm to make continuous improvement in this strategy so that it helps in gaining the competitive advantage over other competitors. Since in the fast food industry the number of the company is increasing at much faster rate and hence it is important for the company to make the most effective business strategy. Implementation of sustainability and CSR approach has been done by Pizza Club for attracting the investors and making them invest in the entity and this will aid and assist the firm in expanding the business in the global grounds (Molina-Azorin, 2012). Corporate social responsibility is one of the basic things that company has to manage. It helps in making the good image of the company. This kind of strategy helps in expanding to many other parts of the world as well as retaining the base customers. Stakeholders are those people who are directly or indirectly connected with the functionalities of the firm like employees, customers, directors etc. These all people are an integral part of the organization and its business. They all have the distinct role in the success of the organization. They help in fostering the growth of the firm. Any strategy made inside the firm must be based on their consent as well as they must be involved in strategic management procedure in order to make it strong, innovative and smooth. It is also important for the firm to take all stakeholders in the process of making decisions as well as in making of the strategic management (Priem, Li and Carr, 2012). Stakeholders have to make sure that add value to the consumers. Strategic management is the procedure using which plans and policies for achieving the goals and objectives set by the firm. It is also known as the blueprint of the plan that will be implemented for performing the operations of the firm so as to achieve desired targets which were pre-set. Decisions like setting up the targets, availing useful resources that will be used in the operations, planning and implementing strategies so as to gain competitive advantage etc. procedures are done under the strategic management concept. Relevance to strategic management At present time business, it has become important for the firms to take immediate as well as crucial actions. It is necessary if the firm has to achieve its goals in a smoothly. Sometimes it happens that management fails to take decisions that are effective. It increases the chance of failure and in order to reduce the chances it, decisions must be taken by stakeholder management, strategic management concept is developed (Gumerov et al., 2015). For enhancing the efficiency of firm concept related with strategic management plays the crucial role. Some of the elements of strategic management that defines the relevance of strategic management concept in regards to Pizza Club New Zealand: External Analysis The external analysis has been considered as one of the integral concept for the strategic management. The analysis of external analysis aids the concept of strategic management on various grounds. This analysis provides the entity with the detailed information and knowledge of competitive environment and the competitors, the perceptions and consumers behavior, the political and economic stability of the region in which the business is operated etc. These all are the components which can be used by the entity while developing the strategic plans. And hence the external analysis has been considered as very much relevant in strategic management. In order to conduct external analysis the most widely used tool is Porters five forces. For this company it is as follows: The threat of new entrants: In the fast food industry, this remains one of the serious issues as new entrants also have the capacity to influence the business of the firms that are well established in the industry (Keupp, Palmi and Gassmann, 2012). To counter this in effective ways firms require to develop and adopt some strategies. The cited organization is focusing on making the brand image by serving best quality foods in the industry in New Zealand. The threat of substitute: There are several substitutes for Pizza Club like burger, French fries, and other food products which are available at other fast food chains. In order to increase the sale of the product delivered by the cited company, they need to add extra flavors to them which will also assist in gaining competitive advantage. Bargaining power of suppliers: There is a very high competition in between suppliers. They play very crucial role in making the business successful (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Every organization tries to set up powerful relations with their suppliers. It is necessary for attaining the requirement of the firm. Change of suppliers may lead to the reduction in the cost but assuring quality can be a question mark. Since there are many suppliers in for Pizza Club hence it is not the matter of concern for the firm. Bargaining power of buyers: Due to the presence of a large amount of options with consumers it has raised the power of buyers (Ackermann and Eden, 2011). Their decision generally changes the effect the product prices. In order to maintain its base customers and attract new ones, this company needs to enhance the quality of Pizza it serves. Industry Rivalry: There are many big companies that are operating in the business of fast food industry. Some of the bigger brand names are like Dominos, Burger kind, Pizza Hut, McDonald's etc. They all are multinational firms and have made their names in the industry and have the power to influence the taste of the consumers (Gamble Thompson, 2014). Since the cited company is placed in only two places and for enhancing business in other parts of New Zealand company needs to make more effective business plans. Internal analysis: Internal analysis is the approach or the methodology which can be executed for developing an understanding over the strength and weakness of the business entity. The analysis also provides a detailed knowledge about the threats present in the business environment and also about the upcoming opportunities which are required to be grabbed by the b8usiness organization for growth and development of the business. Knowing the strength and weakness will enable the entity in development of the strategic management plans. These plans will bring developments and boost the growth rate of the entity. Moreover, getting aware of the threats will aid the Pizza Club to develop strategic plans for tackling the barriers and competitors. And thus internal analysis has been considered as very much relevant for strategic management. For doing internal analysis SWOT tool can be highly effective. SWOT analysis Strengths In the local market, it has created a well-deserved brand value. Quality of the food it serves (Eden Ackermann, 2013). It has the wide range of food to offer so as to lure the taste of different consumers. Like they separate sections for vegetarian and non-vegetarian customers. Weakness Low brand value as compared to other multinational competitors. Lesser years of experience in the industry as competitors in the industry. A lesser amount of resources is available with Pizza Club. Opportunities Expansion of the country (Hair and et. al., 2012). Can expand its business outside New-Zealand with the help of joint ventures. Threats New Zealand has the aggressive competitive environment where a large number of companies are serving not a very dense population (Dobbs, 2014). Continuous innovation is needed as people taste is changing very fastly. Due to limited resources, this can be a threat to the firm. By performing internal and external analysis it has been observed that there is cut throat completion in the industry and it is important for the Pizza club to make sure that they apply capable strategies for coming into the business. Figure 1Role of strategic management Strategic Management Tools There are several tools that are used in Strategic Management. For Pizza Club concept to strategic management for achieving competitive advantage in a global market is as follows: Goals and Objectives: It is one of the first likely performed tasks in strategic management concept. It involves setting up of goals and objectives in regards to the value of the firm (Hill and Jones, 2013). Other than this it also involves the processes using which goals and objectives can be achieved. From the views of Pizza Club, Their main aim is to achieve more market share in the industry of fast food in New Zealand (Bull et al., 2016). Apart from this they also aim to increase their customer base by creating the positive image in the minds of a target market. Vision and Mission: These two are the statements that act as baseline using which company can achieve its business goals. Both of them have almost similar flavors but are the distinct expectation of the firm (Bohari, Hin Fuad, 2017). Here in regards to Pizza Club mission statement will define the functionality that is required to be performed by the firm for achieving their target. On the other hand, Vision statements describe the actions that will perform in near future. For example promotional and advertisement strategies which will increase the demand for the product (Biancamaria, Lettenmaier, Pavelsky, 2016). Strategic Options: There are alternative choices of the firm which helps in encountering various arisen issue due to the change of taste and preferences as well as altering marketing environment (Wheelen and Hunger, 2011). This company has various strategic options for performing its operations in various situations of the market. For achieving competitive advantage, Pizza Club has taken use of strategies such as pricing, differentiation for achieving its goals and objectives. Chosen Strategy: In order to achieve competitive advantage cited company needs to adopt differentiation strategy. It is a formula for adding unique features to their food that differs from that of its competitors. This strategy also suggests that the product must be able to attract number of consumers towards its outlets (Peppard and Ward, 2016). This is an important factor that plays the crucial role in selecting pricing for the products which must be less than its competitors. It will enhance the demand for the product in the market which is necessary for achieving targets of the firm. Implementation: Strategy of diversification has been adopted by the firm for enhancing the performance of the firm and creating the image in the market. Pizza Club requires implementing this strategy in relevance to a condition of marketing. This will also improve the firm's chance of achieving goals that it has set. Differentiation and pricing strategy has been selected for Pizza Club (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Their implementation has to be done after evaluating and analyzing the external factors that impact fast food industry. Conclusion From the above-based report, it can be concluded that Fast food industry is changing at very faster rate due the changing habits of the people. This has attracted many customers in the country like New Zealand. For the smaller companies such as Pizza Club, it is important to make effective strategies so as to make sure that they achieve growth at the expected speed. It is also important for the firm to have strategic management plan so as to ensure that made strategy is implemented in a better way. It helps in achieving the goals and objectives of the firm in smoother ways. In this regards role of leader and culture becomes very crucial. Culture helps in dealing with the various issues that arise in the strategic management process. On the other hand, strong leadership helps to handle all these in a better way. References Ackermann, F. and Eden, C., (2011). Strategic management of stakeholders: Theory and practice.Long range planning,44(3), pp.179-196. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Biancamaria, S., Lettenmaier, D. P., Pavelsky, T. M. (2016). The SWOT mission and its capabilities for land hydrology.Surveys in Geophysics,37(2), 307-337. Bohari, A. M., Hin, C. W., Fuad, N. (2017). The competitiveness of halal food industry in Malaysia: A SWOT-ICT analysis.Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space,9(1). Bull, J. W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., ... Carter-Silk, E. (2016). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem services,17, 99-111. Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. Eden, C., Ackermann, F. (2013).Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Gamble, J. E., Thompson, A. A. (2014).Essentials of strategic management. Irwin Mcgraw-Hill. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Gumerov, A. V., Kharisova, R. R., Pavlova, A. V., Litvin, I. Y., Nabiullina, K. R., Schepkina, N. K., Sabirov, I. T. (2015). Improving strategic management of the business entities.Review of European Studies,7(1), 23. Hair, J.F. and et. al., (2012). The use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in strategic management research: a review of past practices and recommendations for future applications.Long range planning,45(5), pp.320-340. Hill, C.W. and Jones, G.R., (2013).Strategic management theory. South-Western/Cengage Learning. Keupp, M.M., Palmi, M. and Gassmann, O., (2012) The strategic management of innovation: A systematic review and paths for future research.International Journal of Management Reviews,14(4), pp.367-390. Merkert, R. and Hensher, D.A., (2011). The impact of strategic management and fleet planning on airline efficiencyA random effects Tobit model based on DEA efficiency scores.Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,45(7), pp.686-695. Molina-Azorin, J.F., (2012). Mixed methods research in strategic management: Impact and applications.Organizational Research Methods,15(1), pp.33-56. Pearce, J.A. and Robinson, R.B., (2013).Strategic management: Planning for domestic global competition. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., (2016).The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Priem, R.L., Li, S. and Carr, J.C., (2012). Insights and new directions from demand-side approaches to technology innovation, entrepreneurship, and strategic management research.Journal of management,38(1), pp.346-374. Vogel, R. and Gttel, W.H., (2013). The dynamic capability view in strategic management: A bibliometric review.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(4), pp.426-446. Wheelen, T.L. and Hunger, J.D., (2011).Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India.

Proper nouns in translation Essay Example

Proper nouns in translation Essay Abstraction Proper nouns are considered to be so fiddling in interlingual rendition that sometimes transcribers pay no attending to them. Some transcribers are of the sentiment that there is no demand to interpret them at all. However, if we look profoundly into interpreting procedure, we realize that it is wholly contrary to the above-named scheme. Therefore, transcribers have suggested different schemes sing the interlingual rendition of proper nouns. They can convey about some problems for transcribers particularly in the class of interlingual rendition between different civilizations. Therefore, masterful attending must be paid to them. The survey intends to convey to the surface the schemes that have been used in interpreting proper noun in the plants Alice in Wonderland , David Copperfield and Little Prince . For this intent, we as research workers have chosen the Vermes’ ( 2003 ) manner of interlingual rendition schemes for rendering proper nouns. It has been manifested that the tr anscribers have preferred to utilize the transference scheme more than other schemes for interpreting proper nouns in the aforesaid plants for the interest of lucidity. We will write a custom essay sample on Proper nouns in translation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Proper nouns in translation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Proper nouns in translation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Introduction: Translating proper nouns is non a simple undertaking because it can convey some issues to the surface if they are mistranslated or non translated at all ; furthermore, transcribers have to be really careful when they want to interpret proper nouns. Assorted interlingual rendition schemes have been suggested by Hervey and Higgins ( 1986 ) , Newmark ( 1988 ) , Theo Hermans ( 1988, ) Vermes ( 2003 ) , Farzane Farahzad ( 1995 ) , Anthony Pym ( 2004 ) , Lincoln Fernandes ( 2006 ) , and Heikki Sarkka ( 2007 ) . Consequently, Vermes ( 2003 ) states that The interlingual rendition of proper names has frequently been considered as a simple automatic procedure of transference from one linguistic communication into another, due to the position that proper names are mere labels used to place a individual or a thing. ( ) the interlingual rendition of proper names is non a fiddling issue but, on the contrary, may affect a instead delicate decision-making procedure, necessitating on the portion of the transcriber careful consideration of the significances the name has earlier make up ones minding how best to render it in the mark linguistic communication. Newmark ( 1993, p. 15 ) believes that proper nouns are a interlingual rendition trouble in any text and it should be determined whether the name is existent or invented. In unliterary texts, transcribers have to inquire themselves what if any extra explanatory or classificatory information has to be supplied for the TL readership . Every linguistic communication has specific proper nouns, some of them are wholly related to the civilization of that linguistic communication. Consequently, these nouns can convey about particular apprehension jobs for the readers of that text. Proper nouns may convey specific significance and excluding this specific significance can sometimes destruct the whole interlingual rendition. Translating or maintaining proper nouns chiefly depends on the nature linguistic communication. The nature of the beginning and mark linguistic communication should be taken into history. Whether they are from the same household or proper nouns are trans-cultural names. All of them should be considered in the procedure of interlingual rendition. This shows the importance of rendering a name that may look so simple in the class of interlingual rendition and that it might have no attending. The text type is besides of premier importance. Whether the text is belong to the sphere of literature or non. Whether it is written for kids or non, but it should be translated for the kids readers ; and many other factors can impact the procedure of interpreting proper nouns. Children s literature encompasses narratives, books, magazines, and poems that are devoted to kids, hence, it has ever been critical for transcribers to render the proper names in kids literature in a proper manner so as to convey the significance more easy and do the interlingual rendition more comprehendible for the kids. When we talk about kids literature the construct of cultivating and foreignizing is highlighted. From our point of position, every transcriber should see different parametric quantities before interpreting any kinds of text as for kids literature this factor can be age. The chief intent of our research is based on the probe of the proper names in Children Literature. We, as research workers, have been led to believe that different transcribers have adapted different schemes to interpret proper names. We will to the full size up the schemes taken by these transcribers in Alice in Wonderland, David Copperfield and small Prince. In the aforesaid plant we have found different types of proper nouns all the three work follow the same form, hence, we merely reference Alice in wonderland in this subdivision. In Alice in wonderland we found 2 types of proper nouns. First, the names that explicitly refer to the author’s existent universe and original references particularly in the verse form of the narrative such as Mary Ann, Ada and Mabel which refer to the author’s existent universe we besides found proper nouns that explicitly refer to the original and historical references in the narrative such as Australia, London, Rome . Second, we found n ames that refer to fabricated characters such as Alice, Bill, and Pat ) LIT Different researches have been done with the same topic and assorted consequences have been produced sing interlingual rendition of proper nouns. Puurtinen ( 1995 ) suggested that the being of many foreign names with hard diction brings about myriad of obstructions for the immature kids due to their unnatural spelling and phonological sequences. Name signifiers such as Ahoshta Tarkaan clearly shed visible radiation on the phonological differences of between two linguistic communications. Hence, It is more preferred to alter the native proper noun in such a manner to rid of this phonological differences and do the reading easier for the kids. In the same line Lia Wyer ( 2003 ) besides suggested that some in some instances interlingual rendition of proper nouns can non be accepted due to some phonological and morphological differences in the two linguistic communications ; moreover, he pointed out that interpreting proper nouns to in kids sallies can be both negative and positive. Children sometimes find it hard to pronounce the native names, hence, in this instances interlingual rendition should be done in a manner to ease the readability for the kids.However, He claimed that when the phonological and morphological system of a proper noun in the beginning text is changed for the interest of readability in some instances this process destroys the nature of the beginning text. Sanaty Pour ( 2010 ) asserted that interpreting proper nouns can be a challenging and burdensome undertaking for both advanced and novice transcriber and overlooking the interlingual rendition of proper noun can be harmful both to the transcriber and the reader. Furthermore, she suggested that proper names are culture-bound names, hence, this should be taken into history when interpreting them particularly in kids literature because holding information about the civilization of the mark linguistic communication can assist the transcriber to reassign the proper noun in a manner which suits best to the civilization of the mark linguistic communication. Clouet ( 2002 ) compared the Gallic and Spanish interlingual rendition of proper nouns in Harry thrower and concluded that Spanish transcriber kept the proper nouns unchanged and added that the Spanish were of the sentiment that any version in the signifier of the proper noun would estrange the immature reader from the beginning text and the full significance.On the other manus, the Gallic transcriber opted to interpret and alter the signifier of proper nouns because they believed that readability is of premier importance for the immature reader and it should be done even at the monetary value of destructing the originality of the beginning text. Morarasu ( 2006 ) studied the interlingual rendition of proper nouns in Dickensian novels and pointed out that the scheme of maintaining the native proper nouns unchanged is more preferred than other schemes. She asserted that any alteration in the signifier of proper nouns will overthrow the rubric of the books ; nevertheless, the transcrib ers sometimes encounter some obstructions that they find to alternative to transcribing the proper nouns. Method Two chapters of each plants have been to the full scrutinized by research workers as the chief beginning text of this survey and their Iranian interlingual renditions by †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ We have investigated the schemes applied by the transcriber in rendering proper nouns in Alice in wonderland by Charles Lutwidge Dodgso, David Copperfield by Charles devils and small prince. For making so, each extracted proper noun of the beginning text was compared with its opposite number in the mark text. Then, it has been put in the relevant interlingual rendition class. The class which the research workers have applied in this survey has been discussed in the undermentioned subdivision. In the Present survey, the classification proposed by Vermes ( 2003 ) has been chosen. Vermes provinces that the schemes that the transcribers may utilize to render proper nouns can be categorized into the undermentioned procedures: Transference, Translation, Substitution and Modification ( pp. 93-94 ) . In present survey, we have added the following procedures to them every bit good: skip, add-on, generalisation, and transference plus phonic version. 1) Transferenceis the scheme utilizing which the transcriber makes usage of the beginning text proper noun without using any alterations in the mark languages. In line with it, Newmark references that transference is the procedure of reassigning a SL word to a TL text as a interlingual rendition process. 2 ) When the transcriber uses the conventional letter writer of the beginning linguistic communication noun in the mark linguistic communication, the procedure is calledpermutation. This scheme can be used for most of the geographical nouns. Apparently, utilizing the conventional equivalent is the transcriber subconscious pick. Vermes believes that transcribers are normally forced to use the conventional signifier in the mark text. 3 )Translationscheme is used when the noun is rendered in the mark text by the transcriber ( Vermes, 2003 ) . Consequently, Newmark ( 1988, p. 5 ) provinces that rendering the significance of a text into another linguistic communication in the manner that the writer intended the text is called interlingual rendition. Translators use this scheme to render the original noun or portion of it in the mark text, for illustration, the last name or the first name ; they use a name in the mark text with the same or about the same intensions. 4 )Alterationis the scheme of utilizing a replacement in the mark text for the original noun which is non related or merely partially related to the beginning linguistic communication noun conventions or logics.It brings a considerable alteration in signifier or intensions in the mark text. Vermes considers alteration as a general term that includes skip, add-on and generalisation in itself. However, in the present survey, skip, add-on, and generalisation are non regarded as sub-sects of alteration but as separate interlingual rendition schemes in rendering nouns. 5 )Omissionis the scheme where the transcriber substitutes the SL noun or portion of it with none in the TL. In other words, the transcriber merely removes the original noun or portion of the noun in the interlingual rendition due to different grounds. He may believe that it is non of import or it may do ambiguity for the TT readers or he may follow the skip scheme for other factors. 6) Additionis the scheme in which the transcriber will utilize enlargement in the interlingual rendition of the beginning linguistic communication noun. He can utilize this add-on in chief organic structure of the mark text or as fringy notes. Addition is used for different grounds such as giving the readers more information or extinguishing the ambiguities for the readers. There are instances where the TL does non hold the SL noun due to cultural differences and the transcriber, alternatively of utilizing transference, uses paraphrasis scheme or descriptive replacement get bying with that noun ; we besides consider these instances as add-on scheme. 7) Transference plus phonic versionis the scheme that can be applied by the transcribers for interpreting proper nouns. This is the instance that transcribers transfer the beginning text name into the mark text but with phonic versions so as to fit it with the TL conventions.

Handgun Control essays

Handgun Control essays As an American citizen, you are automatically entitled to own and carry a gun, thanks to the second amendment of the constitution, which states A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. This amendment was a dominant force in the development of the United States and has strong roots in the American public and their view on life. The rights to bear arms, specifically handguns has become a very hot topic as of late and has many people crying foul, as the thought of banning or even controlling firearms with the use of gun control, gives people the impression that their constitutional rights are being taken away. Those in favor of gun control cite numerous accidental deaths and violent crimes in their plight to impose restrictions on those who carry, and whish to carry concealed handguns. On the other side of the spectrum are those who whish to preserve the second amendment and con tinue with their right to bear arms and protect themselves from crime by means of their own. Many vocal leaders have emerged on both sides, some with credibility, some with nothing more than a name, but regardless of whom you ask, the question of gun control will raise a passionate argument either for or against the restrictions on firearms, more specifically handguns. The world is not a safe place, it has never been a safe place, and as for the future, it does not appear it will be safe anytime soon. There have always been criminals and there has always been crime. But today the occurrence of violent crime such as rape and murder is frighteningly high, and an oft-blamed reason for this is the ease in which handguns are obtained and used by criminals in their activities. This is precisely the reason that people are now calling louder than ever for the ban of handguns for anyone who is not a law enforcement official, a move that Nan De...

Pilgrim Houses essays

Pilgrim Houses essays Pilgrim workers built the houses. The men were the only people that built the houses. The houses on Plymouth Plantation were made out of logs, hay, rocks, wood and mud. The houses in Plymouth Plantation were built close together for safety reasons. A fence enclosed the plantation and the men had to take turns watching over the plantation. Pilgrim houses were always one-room houses with an attic that they needed a ladder to get in. This one room was called the keeping room because they kept everything in there. Everybody lived in the keeping room. The keeping room had the fireplace where they cooked all their food and kept themselves warm. The baking was done in community ovens that were shared by several families. All the familys beds were also in this one room. Everybody had his or her own bed. Some beds were really fancy and even had curtains around them. This curtain gave each person some privacy and helped keep the Pilgrims warm at night. Some beds were made out of bags stuffed with scratchy straw and some were made out of bags stuffed with soft feathers. The keeping room also had the eating table, benches around the table, and cupboards to keep their clothes and food. All the furniture was made out of wood and animal skins. This was pretty much all the furniture in the house because the whole family had to live in this one room house. There was no bathroom in the house. Everybody went in the outhouse that was on the outside of the house. Many families shared the outhouse. The basic frame of each house was oak although other hardwoods such as beech could be for minor members. The roofs were generally thatched with reeds or straw, although there may have been some shingled structures. The walls were of wattle and daub, woven supports made of split wood or saplings that were plastered over with a mixture of clay, sand and straw. Without lime the daub walls washed away in winter storms, so they sheathed the walls w...

The Evolution and transformation of the American kitchen Research Paper - 1

The Evolution and transformation of the American kitchen - Research Paper Example The preliminary commencement of American architecture dates back to the regal tradition of the United States and the practices that transpired as a result of the evacuation of European background. The American melting vessel grew and both the edifice and planning practices advanced. This in turn led to the dawn of the colonial style which became the cornerstone of the architectural progress of the United States. The outstanding consideration of these designs focus on the balance between classical and gothic ideals. Some of the common European monuments like Gloucestershire serve as benchmark for this piece of work. It therefore goes without objection that the kitchen is inextricably correlated to this discovery. The hearth remains in various historical sites helps to establish the dating of this. Instead of the fridges of the 19th century, root cellars were used to maintain the cold temperature of foods during summers and offered a conducive environment for preservation of food stuff s during winter (Smith 76). Another preservative method during the ancient kitchen era was the smoke house. It was very vital for preservation of both fish and meat. The early hearths invented were either of clay or stone origin. The hearths could either be deep or shallow, depending on the size of the homesteads. The fire places had fixed revolving spits and clips that could be used to hang meat. This had to be substituted with the wake of change though gradual. Pertaining to this urge of putting up a desired kitchen, there emerged a bottleneck.

Internship Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Internship - Article Example Since then the concept has gained significant popularity in the operations of different organizations. Research has shown that there is no organization that can survive in the long run without learning. A learning organization is conceptualised as a place where the employees create, acquire as well as transfer knowledge in their operations (Garvin, Edmondson, and Gino, 110). Basically, a generally accepted definition of learning is â€Å"any relatively permanent change in the behaviour of a person that occurs as a result of experience (Robbins, 110). In an organization, employees can exchange ideas that in turn lead to the creation of knowledge that permanently changes their behaviour. This change in behaviour as a result of new knowledge created helps the employees in the organization to keep pace with the changes they may encounter as well as to deal with challenges they may also face in their operations. In order for learning to take place, three factors known as learning blocks should exist and they include the following: (1) a supportive learning environment comprised of factors such as psychological safety, openness as well as appreciation of differences. (2) concrete learning processes and practices comprised of measures that are designed to foster learning, and (3) leadership which mainly reinforces the process of learning. The behavior of leaders influences the learning process of their subordinates. The second article by Kolb Alice Y. & Kolb David A. titled â€Å"Learning Styles and Learning Spaces: Enhancing Experiential Learning in Higher Education† focuses on how experiential learning can be enhanced in higher education. The experiential learning theory manly draws from the work of 20th century scholars such as Dewey, Lewin as well as Pieaget among others. These scholars give experience in the learning process of humans.

GCSE Girl Anachronism Essay Example for Free

GCSE Girl Anachronism Essay In this essay I will be comparing my Girl Anachronism play with my year 9 dialogue Dealers Choice. I will be comparing the deference between the character I was, the style of the play, the mood, the place and whether it is Stanislavski or Brecht. Brecht belied in breaking the fourth wall and trying to make the play as unrealistic as possible by using flash backs, monologues, freeze frames, placards ect. But on the other hand Stanislavski belied in making the play as realistic as possible by having every thing in chronological order and making it as naturalistic as possible making the actors think like their character would. The play Girl Anachronism was developed to the stimulus of the song girl anachronism by the Dresden Dolls. It has a very angry and upset mood throughout, it is in the style of a melodrama and it is like a Brecht play because it breaks the fourth wall, using monologues and flash backs which are theatrical devices used in Verfemdungseffect to remind the audience that it is not real. In the play we used a variety of music to show the emotions of each scene for example at the beginning of our play we played the stimulus of the play, and before our flash back we played past music to show that we had gone back in time. In this play I have adopted the main role where I am crazy teenager that has just been released from a mental institute and have just gone back to my 3 bedroom house with my family which all hate me, and I am also suicidal. All I want is to be left alone and not too be told what to do. My Year 9 play Dealers Choice was a scripted piece about two friends who work in a restaurant and meet once a week for an all-night poker game. Its mood is very happy and funny. It corresponds with Stanislavskis ideas about keeping it as real as possible, building up the fourth wall, and having every thing in chronological order. When we preformed this play we used no music no flash backs and no monologues. The style was a friendly comedy. In this play I was one of the main characters, I was a mid thirtys waiter working in a restaurant I have worked there for years with my mate Sweeny, Sweeny and I and a few other gather once a week to play poker in the restaurant. The play is set in a London restaurant in the kitchen area. These plays are totally different one is a Brecht like play the other is a Stanislavski. One is unrealistic the other is realistic. They are both very good but I like Girl Anachronism better, because it was more interesting to act and I had more freedom, and I liked improvising.

Elevating Man to the Level of God: Just Do It! :: Philosophy essays

Elevating Man to the Level of God: Just Do It! Deciding what to believe in was easy for Westerners before the Protestant Reformation. There was really only one option in the religion market-- Roman Catholicism. The Eastern Orthodox churches were also in existence for part of the pre-Reformation period, but they had a different geographical sphere of influence, so people in a given area had little choice of faith. The Church was a powerful force in more than people's spiritual lives; it was often involved in politics, science, art, and other secular affairs. Excommunication (exclusion from the Church) was one of the most severe punishments at that time. Before the Reformation, society was like a child. Children accept any beliefs that their parents hand them because they have no experience of their own to make judgements with. Children have no real sense of right and wrong. When they behave well, it is not out of virtuous impulses or a desire to "do the right thing," but out of fear of reprisal from their parents or an immature desire to please the people who have such a large amount of power over their lives. Finally, children need parents to tell them what to do so they don't burn their hands on the stove, drink Liquid Plumber or fall off a cliff and die. Pre-Reformation society was childlike in many ways, and Roman Catholic clergy were the parents to the pre-adolescent society. Religiously, people relied on the clergy to tell them how to act and what to believe, because they had never had to think about whether they agreed with the teachings of the Pope-- the thought of not agreeing never really entered their minds. When Martin Luther nailed his ninety-five theses to the door of the church in Wittenburg in 1517, he began more than he intended or even knew: intending to reform the Catholic church, he thrust wide open the door to freedom of thought and belief, which had been ajar since the Renaissance. With other religions in the market, people had to scrutinize what they had always been told and decide what they really believed. Some people retained their Roman Catholic beliefs, while others became Lutherans, Unitarians, Jehovah's Witnesses, Methodists, Baptists, Mormons, or joined with any of several hundred other Christian denominations. The division of the western Christian church, begun in 1517, is still continuing today.

Mgt/230 Week 1 Assignment

Mgt/230 Week 1 Decision Making Process Paper University of Phoenix People should make decisions every day, some of those decisions are easy to make, while others are quite difficult to implement. An appropriately combined and organized decision-making process will help to control this issue and bring a positive outcome for those involved. The decision-making process may become challenging for people due to â€Å"the lack of structure and entail risk, uncertainly and conflict† (Bateman and Snell, 2012, p. 86).That is why people trying to make important personal or professional decisions should have an appropriate model to follow in order to avoid these challenges. Bateman and Snell identified six steps or stages of decision-making process which may be attached to any problem or decision. First, it is necessary to identify and analyze the problem. The problem at hand for me was the necessity to purchase my own home. In 2002 I was renting a home in a small city with my husband an d son living there as well. The house was also shared with my Mother-in-Law, and it was too small for all four of us to share.My husband and I realized after a short period of time that this living situation was not going to work out and that we should start looking for a place of our own. Since I am an animal lover and was the owner of one horse and one dog at that time, finding a home that also had a small amount of acreage was also necessary to accommodate us all. Generating and evaluating alternative solutions (steps 2 and 3 in the decision making process) was really not an option for us as we knew exactly what we would have to do if we were to obtain the right place for all of us to live.The only alternative solution in this situation would have been to rent a large piece of property with a larger home and we had come to a point in our lives where purchasing seemed like the better investment. Step 4 in the decision making process is, making the choice. We searched around for ju st the right place to purchase. It took several months of searching before we happened upon the home we ultimately chose. The house wasn’t quite as big as we were hoping for but we thought we could build an addition and do some remodeling to make it perfect.The property attached to the house was large enough to house my horse and our dog, and for my son to play. The decision was made, we were purchasing this house. Step 5 in the process is implementing the decision. After the decision was made to purchase our new home, we set up meetings and appointments with the realtor, our bank and our lawyer to finalize paperwork on the loan and other necessities. All paperwork was signed and keys were handed over to us about a month later. Once the house was ours we quickly made the necessary changes so that it would accommodate our entire family, by adding an extra room and re-painting the entire house.We built a barn to house the horse and put in a shed for storage. We thought it was p erfect. Step 6 in the process is evaluating the decision. Shortly after purchasing our home and property everything was going well, and this continued for many years to come, even though it was probably more work than we had initially expected, we were happy with our decision. Living in the country on our own farm with barely a neighbor to be seen was definitely the way to go. Looking back on this decision some 10 years later, I still believe I made the right decision even though my life has completely changed since that time.The house and property suited us very well up until about 4 years ago after my divorce. I see now that the house is not nearly large enough for my even larger family. Since my divorce I have had two more children and am getting re-married and this home is not nearly large enough for five people, especially if we have guests over for holidays or birthdays. We are currently in the decision making process once again, that being the possible purchase of yet another , larger, home and more acreage as the number of farm animals has grown over the past 10 years as well.Having the information that I do now, in our readings, I am going to go through the steps one by one and be sure that my ultimate decision will be the right one and that this new place (if we purchase one) will be perfect for more than 10 years. References Bateman, T. S. , & Snell, S. A. (2010). Management: leading & collaborating in a competitive world (9th ed. ). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Different Kinds of Sports Essay

Sports can serve an important role in society. From an early age, children who participate in individual or team sports can learn the value of teamwork, discipline, leadership and effective communication. Sports also helps bring people from different nations together, despite their differences. For example, the World Cup soccer tournament and the Olympics allow nations to compete in a friendly environment and galvanize national pride Combat Combat sports are sporting activities in which two competitors must best each other through some kind of physical contact under a specific set of rules. Combat sports often take place in a ring, a cage or on a mat, and are typically structured to be contested in rounds. Examples of combat sports include boxing, wrestling, mixed martial arts which is a free-form sport that combines Judo, Karate, Fencing, Kung-Fu, Kick Boxing, Taekwondo and various forms of grappling such as Jiu-jitsu. Extreme Extreme sports are designed to provide intense thrills based on the level of danger represented by the activity. They are performed in a variety of settings and situations and unlike other sports in which injury is a possibility, extreme sports enthusiasts are attracted by the fact that injury and the possibility of death are the norm. Examples of extreme sports are cliff diving, hang-gliding, extreme rollerblading, BMX freestyle, which is an extreme form of bicycle riding that involves complex tricks and jumps, Parkour — also known as free running — in which runners scale walls, jump between buildings and balance on ledges, extreme skateboarding and skydiving. (see references 3) Water Water sports can take place in an enclosed area or in a river, ocean or lake. Water sports can be more grueling than land-based sports due to the resistance that water provides against movement. The most basic water sport is swimming, which also includes high diving. Other examples of water sports are water polo, surfing, kayaking, white-water rafting — which can also be an extreme sport depending on the level of rapids you encounter — sailboat racing, water skiing, and wake boarding — which involves being strapped to a board as you move through the water. Ball Some of the most commonly-known individual and team sports are played with a ball. In the U.S., football is a well-known sport that is played at every level from youth to the National Football League. Throughout the world, basketball, soccer, softball and baseball are sports that are widely played. Although hockey substitutes a puck for a ball, it is a sport that is played in the United States, Europe and Russia. Other sports that utilize a ball are cricket, tennis, racquetball, handball, lacrosse, rugby and golf. Motor Motor sports involve vehicles such as motorcycles, motorbikes, cars and other kinds of vehicles that are powered by engines. For participants, motor sports are a high-octane experience that features explosive velocity, hairpin turns and the real possibility of having an accident. For fans, motor sports provide the exhilaration of watching spectacular crashes and vehicles in a constant state of acceleration. Examples of motor sports include race car driving, motorcycle racing, motorbike racing, off-road ATV racing and dirt-bike racing.

Free Essays on Abuse Or Neglect

Abuse or Neglect When most people think of child maltreatment, they usually think of one general category concerning any type of harm inflicted upon a child. What most people do not realize is there is a second category known as child neglect. Child neglect happens to be the most common form of child maltreatment, and sometimes the most overlooked. Child abuse and child neglect both share some common traits. Both categories are punishable by law, carrying heavy penalties in court. They each cause developmental issues physically, socially, and emotionally. Also, child abuse and child neglect are equally detrimental and could cause the death of a child. Child abuse and child neglect, even with their similarities, have very different definitions and characteristics. Child abuse is any intended or actual harm done to a child by the parent or primary caregiver. A child being physically, sexually, or emotionally abused would fall under the category of child abuse. Child neglect is the parent or primary caregiver denying a child his or her basic needs. Abandoning a child or failing to provide adequate food, shelter, or clothing is child neglect. Even failing to provide educational and health services for a child would be considered child neglect. Child abuse and child neglect, however similar, are two different forms of child maltreatment. They each deserve their own category to make it easier to recognize, define, and judge the exact extent of wrong done to a child.... Free Essays on Abuse Or Neglect Free Essays on Abuse Or Neglect Abuse or Neglect When most people think of child maltreatment, they usually think of one general category concerning any type of harm inflicted upon a child. What most people do not realize is there is a second category known as child neglect. Child neglect happens to be the most common form of child maltreatment, and sometimes the most overlooked. Child abuse and child neglect both share some common traits. Both categories are punishable by law, carrying heavy penalties in court. They each cause developmental issues physically, socially, and emotionally. Also, child abuse and child neglect are equally detrimental and could cause the death of a child. Child abuse and child neglect, even with their similarities, have very different definitions and characteristics. Child abuse is any intended or actual harm done to a child by the parent or primary caregiver. A child being physically, sexually, or emotionally abused would fall under the category of child abuse. Child neglect is the parent or primary caregiver denying a child his or her basic needs. Abandoning a child or failing to provide adequate food, shelter, or clothing is child neglect. Even failing to provide educational and health services for a child would be considered child neglect. Child abuse and child neglect, however similar, are two different forms of child maltreatment. They each deserve their own category to make it easier to recognize, define, and judge the exact extent of wrong done to a child....

Car Jacking Essays - Jack, Lifting Equipment, Panic Button

Car Jacking Essays - Jack, Lifting Equipment, Panic Button Car Jacking Car Jacking Car Jacking is a nation wide problem. There are many horrifying tales that people have encountered. In April of 1999 a woman and her baby were car jacked in their hometown in Georgia. The mother stepped out of the car and was giving her baby a bottle when out of nowhere a man pushed her into the back seat of her car and he jumped into the front and took off. She was screaming and yelling and trying to fight the man. Then she realized she had a cell phone in her babies diaper bag. She managed to get to the phone and then she dialed 911 and left the line open. She was scared and nervous and didnt know where she was going or what was going to happen to her and her baby. She was trying to name out landmarks so the 911 operator could lead the police to them without the car jackers knowledge. The car started slowing down and she was getting ready to jump out when she suddenly realized that there was a car following them. A man got out of his van and jumped into the backseat with her and th e baby. They heard sirens from a police car but it soon faded away. She knew the police were looking for her. She wondered how she could tell the police to come back to help them. She was talking to the kidnappers loud enough so the operator could hear, that police car cant be looking for you, they went by us. Soon the police came back and pulled the car over. Everything turned out fine because of this womans quick thinking. (Weingarden 1-3). Car jacking is a problem in the United States. There has been a rise of auto theft and car jacking in the past years. There are also ways to prevent this crime and tips to be aware of if you are ever in this situation. In United States they have recorded over 35,000 attempted car jackings in the last year and they are on the rise (Brewer 1). Also, a speculation is that all victims of car jacking are women and that is not true. Early one morning, two teenagers stole a mans car in his driveway, and in a rage the man jumped onto the car, which was a careless thing to do. He eventually fell off and was run over. When a situation like this strikes, people dont know what to do and go into a state of panic like this man. He put his life into danger for a possession, his car. Your life is much more valuable that an object and some people figure this out after it is too late (Brewer 1). Even though this gives an example of an instance when a mans car was car jacked, the fact is that more women are susceptible to this crime. There has been an increase in violent crimes associated with women in the last few years (Davies 1). In example, one lady whose assailant tried to help her at first, was caught by surprise when he kidnapped her in her own car. He beat her and locked her in the trunk. Through her perseverance, she was able to pry the trunk open. She finally had to leap from the vehicle and was picked up by a Good Samaritan. The police found the man and he was wanted for the murder and rape of a woman the week before (Morris 1-6). Dont be fooled by the helpfulness of a stranger. Without her perseverance and smart thinking she could have ended up just like the woman before her. There are many precautions that you can take to prevent car jacking and auto theft. Using things like pepper spray, you can defend yourself if you are ever in this situation (Drury 1). Another invention that could be useful to you is the Stop Jack. This instrument once set up will stop your car when someone takes control of the car and pushes the other person out. It can sense when the car door opens. If it is not disarmed with the magnetic card then it will kill the engine dead in

Understanding Culture Shock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Understanding Culture Shock - Essay Example In the movie, Ashoke Ganguli (Irfan Khan) brings his new bride Ashima (Tabu) to New York (location change from a book!) from Calcutta. She shrinks his sweaters in the wash, eats her breakfast cereal with peanuts and chili powder, and generally does the best she can to adapt to this cold new country. Their first son is nicknamed Gogol after Ashoke’s favorite author, a placeholder name as they wait for a â€Å"good name† to come from Ashima’s mother in India. This pet name, however, takes hold, at least until Gogol Ganguli (Kal Pen) decides in high school to change his name back to his good name - Nikhil. He grows up, becomes an architect, rebels against his parents by dating a wealthy white girl (Jacinda Barret), then falls for a Bengali girl (Zuleikha Robinson) and attempts to reconcile his two names, two identities Some of the symptoms of culture shock as seen in the movie are excessive concern over cleanliness and the feeling that what is new and strange is "dirty." This could be in relation to drinking water, food, dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants or servants; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one's own nationality; irritation over delays and other minor frustrations out of proportion to their causes; delay and outright refusal to learn the language of the host country. Individuals differ greatly in the degree to which culture shock affects them.  

Why Most Changes Fail Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why Most Changes Fail - Assignment Example Failure rate remains high because a huge gap prevails between knowing the subject and transferring that knowledge into action. Rick highlights four mistakes that are responsible for these failures. Firstly, knowledge itself cannot lead to support or commitment from the participants. The focus needs to be on how to bring people's commitment on the change process. Secondly, employee engagement is not granted due importance in the right context. The point is that changes are thrust upon people without giving any space to them to influence the very basic idea of change or participate in the plan process. The Gallup's findings are worth contemplating in this context when they say that there is a great disparity with regard to employee engagement between an average and any world-class organization. Its cost has been estimated over $300 billion in terms of lost productivity in the US itself. Thirdly, Fear of change itself prevents employees to participate in change process with dedication b ecause they view the change process as a threat to their existence in the organization. Moreover, fearful employees cannot focus whole heartedly in the change process. Finally, trust is a crucial element while implementing any change process in the organization. That is to say that the leader needs to develop trust in employees while embarking on any change process, if the organization wants to ensure that the change process goes through successfully. ... Apple's retail store management is a classic case of creating employee engagement. The retail stores are founded on the basic tenet – engaged employees create engaged customers (Customer Experience Matters). For creating employee engagement, the Apple has employed 20-year young adults who love Apple products by heart. These young employees are paid above minimum wage with all other fringe benefits including 401K contributions. Even they are offered employee stock options to buy company stocks. Employee engagements in Apple products help create customers engagement in Apple products resulting into a burgeoning sale of all Apple products. It is a fact that Apple stores bring in more money per square foot than any other retailer in the US. While developing employee engagement, organizations cannot rest on old laurels but needs continuous focus based on the current feedbacks. Employee engagement is crucial for overall success of change management process; however, the most crucial part is how to achieve employee engagement that only a few world-class organizations can achieve consistently? It is true that change management process evokes an unknown fear among employees; however, it is equally true that people resist change and this resistance is also due to inertia as a natural tendency. Every change needs conscious action and natural inertia opposes that. Mechanical living means the process that is devoid of conscious efforts. In organizations, usually, a major part of routine daily activities are mechanical in nature that does not require a conscious effort on part of the employees. Changes process forces them to be alive, alert and agile all the time. This is a conflicting situation between natural inertia and need to

The Ethical Code Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Ethical Code Letter - Essay Example I believe that that the core moral values epitomize what is in line with our set goals. However, one may decide to set his or her code of conduct, it should be that which is in line with the Tesco new code of conduct. Dear employees, it is with my due indulgence that I address another critical factor that is the value of diversity in Tesco Company. Having employees from different diverse backgrounds will be able to realize the importance of globalization. The customers and workers will represent the different mix in our company therefore we can compete internationally. Moreover diversity also includes the age factor. Having employees of different age gaps will propel the company through realizing its goals because when an employee retires there will be others left. Furthermore, there will be increased pro ductility in the company because of diverse talents operating together. Moreover, there will be increased innovation and invention. It will be possible when different thoughts are put together towards a common goal. Lastly, with diversity, market sharing, and customer’s satisfaction will be a notch higher. My dear employees, code of ethics offers an opportunity for an accountable business organization. Therefore, it should be upon us to uphold the ethical code of conduct. Furthermore, all the benefits will be of great benefit to all of

Inspirational teacher Essay Example for Free

Inspirational teacher Essay Dear Ms. Cornell, On the last day of my 9th grade English class, I gathered my books, took one last look around, and wondered if you and I would ever cross paths again. As you erased the chalk board, I wondered how many students were actually as inspired by you as I was. I considered interrupting your meticulous erasing, but decided against it, coming to the conclusion that you had had enough of us rowdy 9th graders for one school year. Your English class was my favorite, and I always looked forward to the exciting activities you’d come up with for us to participate in. Going into the 9th grade, I didn’t think that group activities and reading those â€Å"long† short stories would be something that I actually looked forward to, but you changed my outlook completely. I never thought I would have the opportunity to contact you again as I ventured off to high school to pursue the final years of structured schooling. It’s funny, though†¦as I walked out of your class room, you stayed with me through the duration of my schooling. The way that you taught inspired me in ways that no other teacher could. Your exclusive focus on each individual student you encountered helped me to understand that everyone is, indeed, individual. The creativity you incorporated into each lesson plan helped me to see that nothing has to be boring†¦it’s all in the way that a person approaches it. The little methods you utilized to make large exercises seem small and easy encouraged me to break down my large assignments into several small tasks. Something about the way you spoke to us kids made anything impossible seem absolutely attainable. I am in the process of completing my credentials to become a grade school teacher. I have completed student-teaching for Kindergarten, 1st, 3rd and 4th grade classes. I can now say that I honestly understand why this field is so rewarding. The kids are always so eager to see me. As I did with you, they continually await the learning activities I have planned for them. The various students I have had the opportunity to work with remind me of when I was young and dependent on the grown-up standing in the front of the room trying to teach me all the things I would need to know in life. As I approach the end of my formal education, I felt it was important to let you know that you played an important role in what I chose my career to be. Though the grades are different, the purpose is the same. Watching you effortlessly pass on your knowledge to a bunch of somewhat unappreciative 14-year olds gave me aspiration to practice a career in education. You had a major impact in my life and my hope is that one day I will be someone’s â€Å"Ms. Cornell. † For everything that you taught me, and for everything that you do, Thank you. Sincerely, ________________________________________ Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and security tools, free access to millions of.

Starbucks Business Ethics Case Analysis Essay -- Business Ethics

Starbucks Business Ethics Case Analysis INTRO Ethical issues in business are a common placed every day occurrence that will never cease to exist. We will discuss an ethical issue that involves a large American corporation and its practices when dealing with suppliers of produce that is essential but not solely used by this business. We will present several point of views backed by literary findings that suggest ethical practices may or may not be at hand. BODY Mr. Donald states that one of the main goals of Starbucks is to expose the world to the coffee production/industry in Africa by showcasing African coffee name brands. However, there is evidence that points to the real goal Ââ€" that goal, simply put, is greed. The article "Starbucks Seeks The Right Blend of Global Ambition And Ethical Trade", written by Robin Pagnamenta, of the Times Online, in my opinion would be a goal oriented based theory. Last year the American chain operated 12,800 stores globally and earned 6.4 billion dollars in revenues. Further, Mr. Donald plans to open a total of 40,000 Starbucks stores, 50 percent of them outside of the United States. "We open six new stores every day", says Donald. "We opened our first in Brazil last week. Cairo opens next week", he continues. Incidentally, Donald was paid $2.7 million last year, a former chief executive of America's Path mark supermarket chain Ââ€" a far cry from the salary he earned at that level. Manifested Ground Rules Every thriving company must embrace some sort of code of ethics ground rules which will guarantee its success. In this case, Starbucks wants to promote high standards of practice; by selling the richest and aromatic coffees in the world to the ... ...m of discrimination and promote equal opportunity in all sectors of Starbucks business transactions. We will set down with leadership and emphasize the importance of honesty, integrity and the reason it flow's so diligently through this corporation. Our company doesn't subscribe to dishonest practices, such as corruption or fraudulent business dealings. We must hold our selves to the same standards that we hold our employees. Understand that diversity in all aspects of our company's daily ventures creates a worldly image and increases ability to fulfill our goal of opening 40'000 Starbucks with half being outside the US. CONCLUSION With a council in place and clear ethical guidelines established, we are sure that Starbucks will reconsider its current position on coffee trademarks and make way for new and improved trade between us and the whole world.

Normative ethics Essay

Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. [1] The term comes from the Greek word ethos, which means â€Å"character†. Ethics is a complement to Aesthetics in the philosophy field of Axiology. In philosophy, ethics studies the moral behavior in humans, and how one should act. Ethics may be divided into four major areas of study:[1] Meta-ethics, about the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions and how their truth values (if any) may be determined; Normative ethics, about the practical means of determining a moral course of action; Applied ethics, about how moral outcomes can be achieved in specific situations; Descriptive ethics, also known as comparative ethics, is the study of people’s beliefs about morality; According to Tomas Paul and Linda Elder of the Foundation for Critical Thinking, â€Å"most people confuse ethics with behaving in accordance with social conventions, religious beliefs, and the law†, and don’t treat ethics as a stand-alone concept. [2] Paul and Elder define ethics as â€Å"a set of concepts and principles that guide us in determining what behavior helps or harms sentient creatures†. [2] The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy states that the word ethics is â€Å"commonly used interchangeably with ‘morality’ †¦ and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual. â€Å"[3] Meta-ethics is a field within ethics that seeks to understand the nature of normative ethics. The focus of meta-ethics is on how we understand, know about, and what we mean when we talk about what is right and what is wrong. Meta-ethics came to the fore with G. E. Moore’s Principia Ethica from 1903. In it he first wrote about what he called the naturalistic fallacy. Moore was seen to reject naturalism in ethics, in his Open Question Argument. This made thinkers look again at second order questions about ethics. Earlier, the Scottish philosopher David Hume had put forward a similar view on the difference between facts and values. Studies of how we know in ethics divide into cognitivism and non-cognitivism; this is similar to the contrast between descriptivists and non-descriptivists. Non-cognitivism is the claim that when we judge something as right or wrong, this is neither true nor false. We may for example be only expressing our emotional feelings about these things. [4] Cognitivism can then be seen as the claim that when we talk about right and wrong, we are talking about matters of fact. The ontology of ethics is about value-bearing things or properties, i. e. the kind of things or stuff referred to by ethical propositions. Non-descriptivists and non-cognitivists believe that ethics does not need a specific ontology, since ethical propositions do not refer. This is known as an anti-realist position. Realists on the other hand must explain what kind of entities, properties or states are relevant for ethics, how they have value, and why they guide and motivate our actions. [5] Virtue ethics describes the character of a moral agent as a driving force for ethical behavior, and is used to describe the ethics of Socrates, Aristotle, and other early Greek philosophers. Socrates (469 BC – 399 BC) was one of the first Greek philosophers to encourage both scholars and the common citizen to turn their attention from the outside world to the condition of humankind. In this view, knowledge having a bearing on human life was placed highest, all other knowledge being secondary. Self-knowledge was considered necessary for success and inherently an essential good. A self-aware person will act completely within his capabilities to his pinnacle, while an ignorant person will flounder and encounter difficulty. To Socrates, a person must become aware of every fact (and its context) relevant to his existence, if he wishes to attain self-knowledge. He posited that people will naturally do what is good, if they know what is right. Evil or bad actions are the result of ignorance. If a criminal was truly aware of the mental and spiritual consequences of his actions, he would neither commit nor even consider committing those actions. Any person who knows what is truly right will automatically do it, according to Socrates. While he correlated knowledge with virtue, he similarly equated virtue with happiness. The truly wise man will know what is right, do what is good, and therefore be happy. [6] Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) posited an ethical system that may be termed â€Å"self-realizationism. † In Aristotle’s view, when a person acts in accordance with his nature and realizes his full potential, he will do good and be content. At birth, a baby is not a person, but a potential person. To become a â€Å"real† person, the child’s inherent potential must be realized. Unhappiness and frustration are caused by the unrealized potential of a person, leading to failed goals and a poor life. Aristotle said, â€Å"Nature does nothing in vain. † Therefore, it is imperative for persons to act in accordance with their nature and develop their latent talents in order to be content and complete. Happiness was held to be the ultimate goal. All other things, such as civic life or wealth, are merely means to the end. Self-realization, the awareness of one’s nature and the development of one’s talents, is the surest path to happiness. [7] Aristotle asserted that man had three natures: vegetable (physical/metabolism), animal (emotional/appetite) and rational (mental/conceptual). Physical nature can be assuaged through exercise and care, emotional nature through indulgence of instinct and urges, and mental through human reason and developed potential. Rational development was considered the most important, as essential to philosophical self-awareness and as uniquely human. Moderation was encouraged, with the extremes seen as degraded and immoral. For example, courage is the moderate virtue between the extremes of cowardice and recklessness. Man should not simply live, but live well with conduct governed by moderate virtue. This is regarded as difficult, as virtue denotes doing the right thing, to the right person, at the right time, to the proper extent, in the correct fashion, for the right reason. [8] [edit] StoicismThe Stoic philosopher Epictetus posited that the greatest good was contentment and serenity. Peace of mind, or Apatheia, was of the highest value; self-mastery over one’s desires and emotions leads to spiritual peace. The â€Å"unconquerable will† is central to this philosophy. The individual’s will should be independent and inviolate. Allowing a person to disturb the mental equilibrium is in essence offering yourself in slavery. If a person is free to anger you at will, you have no control over your internal world, and therefore no freedom. Freedom from material attachments is also necessary. If a thing breaks, the person should not be upset, but realize it was a thing that could break. Similarly, if someone should die, those close to them should hold to their serenity because the loved one was made of flesh and blood destined to death. Stoic philosophy says to accept things that cannot be changed, resigning oneself to existence and enduring in a rational fashion. Death is not feared. People do not â€Å"lose† their life, but instead â€Å"return†, for they are returning to God (who initially gave what the person is as a person). Epictetus said difficult problems in life should not be avoided, but rather embraced. They are spiritual exercises needed for the health of the spirit, just as physical exercise is required for the health of the body. He also stated that sex and sexual desire are to be avoided as the greatest threat to the integrity and equilibrium of a man’s mind. Abstinence is highly desirable. Epictetus said remaining abstinent in the face of temptation was a victory for which a man could be proud. [9] [edit] HedonismMain article: Hedonism Hedonism posits that the principal ethic is maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain. There are several schools of Hedonist thought ranging from those advocating the indulgence of even momentary desires to those teaching a pursuit of spiritual bliss. In their consideration of consequences, they range from those advocating self-gratification regardless of the pain and expense to others, to those stating that the most ethical pursuit maximizes pleasure and happiness for the most people. [10] [edit] Cyrenaic hedonismFounded by Aristippus of Cyrene, Cyrenaics supported immediate gratification or pleasure. â€Å"Eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow we die. † Even fleeting desires should be indulged, for fear the opportunity should be forever lost. There was little to no concern with the future, the present dominating in the pursuit for immediate pleasure. Cyrenaic hedonism encouraged the pursuit of enjoyment and indulgence without hesitation, believing pleasure to be the only good. [10] [edit] EpicureanismMain article: Epicureanism Epicurean ethics is a hedonist form of virtue ethics. Epicurus â€Å"presented a sustained argument that pleasure, correctly understood, will coincide with virtue†. [11] He rejected the extremism of the Cyrenaics, believing some pleasures and indulgences to be detrimental to human beings. Epicureans observed that indiscriminate indulgence sometimes resulted in negative consequences. Some experiences were therefore rejected out of hand, and some unpleasant experiences endured in the present to ensure a better life in the future. To Epicurus the summum bonum, or greatest good, was prudence, exercised through moderation and caution. Excessive indulgence can be destructive to pleasure and can even lead to pain. For example, eating one food too often will cause a person to lose taste for it. Eating too much food at once will lead to discomfort and ill-health. Pain and fear were to be avoided. Living was essentially good, barring pain and illness. Death was not to be feared. Fear was considered the source of most unhappiness. Conquering the fear of death would naturally lead to a happier life. Epicurus reasoned if there was an afterlife and immortality, the fear of death was irrational. If there was no life after death, then the person would not be alive to suffer, fear or worry; he would be non-existent in death. It is irrational to fret over circumstances that do not exist, such as one’s state in death in the absence of an afterlife. [12]

Financial Analysis Project Essay

Today’s personal products market has become more competitive than ever. With economic and political uncertainty in many parts of the world, The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. has invoked a number of unique and diverse strategies in order to gain customer loyalty while attracting new customers for staying as a leader in personal products industry. This paper focuses on analyzing The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc., including company overview and main strategies. The main purpose of this paper is using a series financial accounting ratios as tools to analyze the operation of this company from 2008 to 2012, the nearest five years. After researching of the strategies and data, I make a conclusion that this company is in a healthy financial situation and has a large capacity to develop well in the future. Overview After one quarter learning about financial accounting, I have some sort of concept about this course. In order to deeply understand the knowledge we have learned in class and have solid experience about all of those formulas. I write this paper to turn abstract theory into practice. I choose The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. as my analysis target, not only because I am a loyal consumer for this company, but also I’m very interested in its unique business strategy. As we all know, The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. is a family business and remains the leader in the global prestige beauty market for a long history. What’s more, even though it’s a traditional company, it has not fall behind in the extreme competition nowadays. I think its success mainly contributed to four critical areas: creativity and innovation, high-tough, local relevance and digital capabilities. This paper will focus on three parts to analyze The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. First, I plan to say something about this company, including its development overview and strategies. Second, I will put this company in the whole industry to analyze its opportunities and challenges. The last but not the least, I’d like to use financial accounting ratios as tools to deeply analyze the operation situation of this company. Company Outline The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers and sellers of skin care, make up, fragrance and hair care products in the world. The company’s products are sold in over 150 countries and regions under almost thirty brands. Among those brands, there are some big brands we are very familiar with, and actually, those brands indeed contributed a lot to the whole company’s sales. They are Està ©e Lauder, Clinique, Aramis, Origins, Prescriptives, M†¢A†¢C, Bobbi Brown, Tommy Hilfiger, Kiton, La Mer, American Beauty, Flirt! , and AERIN Beauty. Taken together, sales of all the Company’s brands comprise about one-fifth of the $40 billion global prestige beauty business. The Està ©e Lauder Companies’ long-term strategy is to achieve higher levels of sustainable, profitable growth to remain a leader in global prestige beauty business. In that case, they use consumers as their muse to create products that really needed. Those educational beauty advisors always keep a good connection with consumers, in order to inspire brand loyalty. What’s more, this company dedicated in creating certain products for specific markets and deeply immersed in the online world as well. At a glance, the company sells its products mainly through some kind of channels to keep their brands are easily accessible. These channels involve department stores, retailers, TV shopping, stores on ships, in-flight, duty-free shops in airports and the Internet. The Americas, definitely occupies their largest region of sales, accounting for about 42% of total global sales. Europe, the middle east and Africa owns the highest percentage of operating income, because those regions enjoyed huge sales growth during the last two years. What’s more, China has become a more and more important market in the Asia/ Pacific region after Japan, fueled by rapidly growing demand of luxury brands. Industry Analysis The personal care industry concludes a variety of products, including fragrances, makeup, hair care, sunscreen, toothpaste, and products for bathing, nail care, and shaving. Major companies in this industry include Està ©e Lauder, Johnson& Johnson, Procter& Gamble, L’Oreal, Shiseido and Unilever. The United States, Europe, UK, Brazil and Russia dominate the global personal care products. India and China are the fastest growing markets for personal care products. The global personal care products industry has revenue of about $250 billion annually. Major products include cosmetics (35% of industry revenue), hair products (25%), and creams and lotions (20%). Other products include perfume (10%), toothpaste and mouthwashes (5%), and shaving preparations. The global personal care products industry is concentrated with the top 50 companies holding a combined market share of around 85%. The profitability of individual companies depends on product innovation, effective sales and marketing, and efficient operations. Large companies like The Està ©e Lauder Companies Inc. have scale advantages in purchasing, manufacturing, distribution, and marketing. Small companies can compete effectively by offering specialized products. Over the coming years, the whole industry is likely to continue investing in eco-friendly practices.

Susan Glaspells essays

Susan Glaspells essays Although Susan Galspells play, Trifles, and her short story, A Jury of Her Peers, are both applications with resembling dialogues, each contains indicative dissimilarities of additions and alterations that can be taken into consideration. Together, these materials of drama and fiction investigate a murder focused on the final discovery of motive and incentives. Yet, despite the significance of their parallel schemes, their minor disparities are respectably interesting to examine. With a close observation, the two pieces of literature are comparative in respects to certain specifications in the short story, particular distinctions in the play, and pinpointable variations between the both. In Jury of Her Peers, Glaspell gives specific contributions that differentiate from her theatrical piece, Trifles. The primal difference is the added introduction set in Mrs. Hales kitchen, along with the description of her subconscious. With this, she obsesses over having to leave her kitchen untidy, consequential to her sudden departure, and recollects how it frustrates her to abandon tasks uncompleted. Another notable factor is the inclusion of the exact mentioning of March as being the month in which the setting corresponds. Also, the short story elaborates on the physical characteristics of Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters, states that they were merely acquaintances prior to the occasion, and explains why they accompany their husbands in the investigation. While Trifles does not mention Mrs. Hales first name or what relationship Harry has in the storyline, Jury of Her Peers designates these lacking details to be Mrs. Martha Hale and Harry as her son. In a continuance of details, the short story includes specifications of how long the Wrights have been married, twenty years, and who was the sheriff preceding Henry Peters, Sheriff Gorman. All of these portions play specific additional roles in t...

Ideas And Themes In Writings English Literature Essay Essay Example

Ideas And Themes In Writings English Literature Essay Essay Example Ideas And Themes In Writings English Literature Essay Essay Ideas And Themes In Writings English Literature Essay Essay Writers use tonss of literary techniques and characteristics to back up their thoughts and subjects in their writings.All those tehniques are design to pull strings and determine the readers perceptions.They place readers to react to the authorship in certain ways, either holding with or challenging those themes.Themes of allienation, nostalgia to love and loss are really frequently repeated in Literature.We can see this really clear in three short narratives which I would wish to compose about, Erneast Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants , John Cheevers The Enormous Radio and Doriss Lessing To Room Nineteen.In first narrative Hemingway tells us about inabillity to pass on efficaciously in a relationhip.Main characters got a immense trouble in jointing their feelings which makes them frustrated with each other.In The Enormous Radio we see subjects such as dependence and loss of control, hidden secrets ans dirts and communicating issues but they all lead to the chief subject of t his narrative which is loss of love.Last Doris Lessing narrative subjects are subject of allienation, individuality issue and loss of sense of being.Main character of this narrative, Susan is portrayed as a captive of political orientation driven by sociaty that adult females are expected to be lief and volitionally acepting their repression and bondage. Narrative point of viewe is one of the first techniques which has immense influence on significance and tone of the story.All narratives are written in the same a 3rd individual point of viewe but with a small difference between them.Erneast Hemingway wrote Hills Like White Elephants in 3rd individual point of position and aim which is limited to what characters say and do.He does nt uncover their ideas ang feelings, as a readers we need to think that by construing the text.In Enormous Radio we see that storyteller use the same 3rd individual point of viewe but it s omniscient.He is able to depict non merely each characteraa‚Â ¬a„?s actions but besides their inside emotions, motivations, and feelings.Sometimes narrator even takes subjective attack by depicting one of the characters Irene as a egoistic adult females which is merely concerned about how people viewe her and by depicting Jim as a loyal and difficult working adult male who tries really difficult to give her and their kids a comfy life.In Doriss Lessings To Room Nineteen narrative starts from the 3rd individual narrative point of viewe merely to switch subsequently in a narrative to first individual point of viewe.Lessing utilizations watercourse of concioussness techinque and interior soliloquy which creates the feeling for the reader that he is about listen ining on the flow of concious experience in characters mind.This give a reader an acces to ideas, emotions and esthesiss experienced by a character. Varied inside informations of puting and character has got a immense contributon to the maning of these short stories.Setting plays the biggest function in Hemingways narrative where even the rubric refers to symbolical importance of it.Jig, one of the characters of a narrative, by depicting the hills that they look like white elephants refers to her gestation and the chief issue of this narrative which is abortion.She describes the hills in the distance that they look like white elephants because American which she travells with, views the babe as an aproaching obstruction to their careless life.The remainder of a scene besides provides symbolism which express the tenseness and struggle between the couple.The train paths traveling into two different waies, in between which twosome sits at the train station might mention to match being in the center of doing drastic determination. A twosome is merely like those paths which run side by side but will neer hold a opportunity to run into . Different sort of land on both sides, on one viridity and fertile and on the other dry and without trees besides describes their different viewe and reading of the quandary of pregnancy.In The Enormous Radio , the reaching of the new wireless which changes its scene, traveling deeper in the house, traveling from the door to the center of the life room behind the couch because of its physical ugnliness it seems to be like agressive interloper, irrupting Irenes life.By listening to the wireless which picks up noises and conversations from the whole edifice she besides starts irrupting on other people lifes.This is how we start to see immense alteration in Irene and her relationship with Jim.She gets involved in people lives heard on the wireless so much she shortly became down and alterations from a pleasant, instead apparent adult female to a adult female who doubts who she is and uncertainties in her relationship with her husband.They both start to gain there is a tenseness in th eir matrimony, that Irene has many dark, deep secrets which she has hidden really good all these old ages and which she feels guilty about.Setting it s non so of import in this story.Narrator is seeking to concentrate merely on the wireless, voices and music coming out of it which plays immense function in a narrative by determining ambiance of a narrative and besides altering temper of a chief characters.The same we will see in Doris Lessings narrative where there is less description on puting but this minimal art have immense importance for the meaning.This minimal art gives the reader a sense of unrealized emptiness of a relationshp between Susan and Matthew and emptiness in Susan s life which is described as a desert which shows her hopelessness and depressesion.Also the empty room 19 which in she spends most of a clip describes Susan s demand of allienation. Use of techniques such as sarcasm, symbolism an understatement by wrtiers in those short narratives has got a immense impact on themes.The most of import in those narratives is symbolism which is a usage of symbols to stand for or propose other things or ideas.As said before in Hills Like White Elephants we can already see symbolism in the rubric of a story.Jig refers to the hills that they look like white elephants to speak about abortion which is the chief subject of this story.A white elephant is a mostly useless object that is expenssive to ain and maitain which symbolise a unborn baby.The whole symbolism of a scene is of import in many ways which I already had a opportunity to analyze earlier.The rail paths could symbolize Jigs and Americans relationship and being in the center of doing an of import decision.Two sides of a station described in a narrative has it s ain significance, green can by a symbol of life, babe, a new beggining and dry side can stand for decease and abort ion.Irony in this narrative chiefly shows Jig s defeat towards the American and this is its chief purpose.In conversation between them about licuorice and its familiar gustatory sensation we can clearly see Jig is non merely mentioning to a drink but besides to their life style which she is able to abandon at any point to settle down.I believe immense impact on the narrative has the last sentence spoken by Jig, when she tells the American she is fine.We can understand this sentence as an sarcasm and that Jig will travel through with the abortion because of her inability to pass on her feelings to the American wich leaves her defeated and non being able to contend anymore.Also conversation between them, approximately such an of import topic which is abortion, seems to be really simple, fiddling and even pointless.The talk about good drinks and lovely hills is merely a screen for a deathly argument.This tehnique used by Hemingway is called understatement.Again symbolism is used in Joh ns Cheever The Enormous Radio.It is chiefly used to depict the concealed significance of the wireless from the title.It symbolise an dependence and loss of control.Irene gets so obssesed with listening to her friends and neighbors on the wireless that she is non even interested any longer in her relationships with other people in existent life.She prefers to travel place and eavsdropp on them through the radio.Radio besides symbolise a concealed secret and scandal.When Irene start to doubts felicity of her marriege, all secrets are being revealed like larceny and abortion, which she was concealing all these years.Radio is besides used as an irony.It was purchased to convey joy and felicity to Irenes and Jims life but it merely caused problem between them uncovering deep and dark secrets.In To the room 19 once more we can happen symbolism in the rubric of a story.We see Susan as a adult female who has been caught up in the web of the societal functions in a community and she is seek ing to step out of this universe into a universe of her ain devising which is room nineteen.She is no longer a married woman and female parent in this room, she escapes her societal function and she eventually finds peace and freedom.We can see an sarcasm in words depicting Susan and Matthew as intelligent which is the really characteristic that is their downfall.Although they do everything sanely in their heads, their repression of her as a adult female is anything but intelligent.Also Lessing usage repeat technique, utilizing word intelligence fiftee times to do an sarcasm even stronger. Dialogues, conversations between characters have besides large impact on the significance of those stories.Hemingway narrative is told in 3rd individual point of viewe and it does nt state us any facts about characters.This is why duologue is of import and we need to interpretate it to happen out about attitudes oh the chief characters towards each other.Their are able in this manner to talk for themselve and we can besides see through the tone and form of the duologue, exsistence of a deep job in their relationship.In The Enormous Radio duologue has the same purpose.We are able through duologue to happen out more about characters ideas and feelings.We besides in a duologue see a tenseness between chief characters, which bilds up towards the terminal of the story.In the To Room Nineteen Doris Lessing we can see through duologues between Susan and Matthew the deficiency of communicating in their married life.Lessing besides use interior soliloquy to emphasize the significance of the story.Through Susan s interior soliloquy we can see her helplensness and emptiness of her matrimony life. All those strories got their ain particular construction which has an impact on the temper and ambiance of these stories.In Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants puting frames the narrative, it plays a important function in finding the ambiance in his work. The pick of a scene and objects supports the sytuation and develops the narrative conflict.Also duologues are keeping the narrative together, they tell us about the chief subject of a story.In The Enormous Radio music frames the narrative, creates the temper and reveals the emotional passage of the characters.In To Room Nineteen Doris Lessing is utilizing more literary techniques in her authorship to back up the significance. Narrator by altering the tone of linguistic communication creates a mood.At the beggining of a authorship words are longer which makes reading slower and creates really peacfull effect.But than towards the terminal of a narrative storyteller is seeking to make tenseness in a narrative and starts utilizing shorter words which makes our reading much quicker.Also watercourse of conciousness technique adds dramatic consequence to the narrative and without it composing would be really bland. I have truly enjoyed reading short narratives, particularly those three which I have chosen for this rating and analysis.Mainly I believe so because of female issues in sociaty presented in those stories.Earnest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants is deffinitelly my favourite.It is really interesting that storyteller does nt uncover any informations about characters, what they think and feel.To happen out we need to interpretate the text, in this instance duologue between them.Through reading the narrative I felt like sitting following to the twosome, eavsdropping on their conversation.Because there is a immense communicating issue between them and they are unable to uncover their true feelings once more it is left to the reader to analyze what characters are truly thinking.It besides intrigued me how narrative shows a contrast between male and female viewe on relationsips.When abortion for Jig, killing their unborn babe is a immense determination for her, for American is merely a simple operation letting the air in.He does nt place himself with the babe which is an obstruction for him and his careless lifestale. I besides found The Enormous Radio really interesting to read.I believe John Cheever through this narrative once more proved the fact how pass oning issues between people might impact their relationship.Irenes secrets and dirts creates tenseness between their matrimony and they lead to loss of trust and love between them.The construction of a narrative has besides catched my attention.I found it really interesting that music was making the temper in the narrative and that music was uncovering the emotional passage of the characters.In To Room Nineteen I was hugle intrested in Lessings attitude towards female repression, disaffection and flight which is all exposed in this story.She tries to explicate how societal, cultural, and ethic recreations, how they all limit adult females positions and experiences and their rational, religious, and emotiona l freedom.By indroducing us to the chief character Susan, which full exsistence was like prison, she tells us that this allienation might even ensue in mental breakdown.Short narratives are really speedy and gratifying reading but still they have a immense deepness and of import message hidden in them.I would deffinitely recomend to others short narratives which I had a opportunity to read and I will besides go on to spread out my experience as a reader.